美联储10月27日至28日货币政策会议声明全文

　　以下为美联储(FED)10月27-28日货币政策会议后发布的声明全文:

　　联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)自9月会议以来获得的信息显示，经济活动一直在温和扩张。近几个月家庭支出和企业固定投资增长稳健，楼市出现进一步改善，但净出口疲弱。就业市场增长步幅放缓，失业率保持稳定。不过基本上，就业市场指标显示就业资源利用不足的情况自今年年初已经减轻。通胀仍在委员会的较长期目标水准之下，部分是因之前能源价格下跌以及非能源产品进口价格降低。基于市场的通胀补偿指标小幅下滑，调查显示较长期通胀预期保持稳定。

　　委员会将依照法定的目标，寻求促进就业最大化和物价稳定。委员会预计，在合适的宽松政策下，经济活动将温和扩张，就业市场指标将向委员会认为符合其双目标的水准靠拢。委员会仍预计经济和就业市场前景的风险接近平衡，但也在关注全球经济和金融市场发展。通胀预计短期内将保持在近期低水准附近，但委员会预计随着就业市场进一步改善以及能源和进口价格下挫的暂时性影响消退，通胀中期将逐步升向2%。委员会将继续密切留意通胀发展。

　　为支持向就业最大化和物价稳定的目标继续前进，委员会今日确认维持目前联邦基金利率0-0.25%目标区间仍是合适的。在决定下次会议上升息是否合适时，委员会将评估向就业最大化以及2%通胀目标的已实现和预期的进展。评估将考量广泛的信息，包括就业市场状况数据、通胀压力指标和通胀预期，以及金融市场发展读数和国际情势发展。委员会预计在就业市场出现进一步改善以及对通胀将在中期升向2%目标有合理信心时，上调联邦基金利率目前区间才是合适的。

　　委员会维持把所持机构债和机构MBS回笼本金再投资到机构MBS的现有政策，以及通过标购继续延长所持公债年期。委员会透过持有庞大的较长期证券仓位应会有助于维持宽松的金融市场状况。

　　在委员会决定开始撤走宽松政策时，将采取符合就业最大化和通胀2%较长期目标的均衡措施。委员会目前预期，即便在就业和通胀接近符合目标的水准，经济状况可能在一段时间内都需要美联储维持目标联邦基金利率低于委员会认为的较长期正常水准。

　　投票赞成美联储货币政策决议的FOMC委员包括:美联储主席耶伦、副主席杜德利、理事布雷纳德、芝加哥联储主席埃文斯、理事费舍尔、亚特兰大联储主席洛克哈特、理事鲍威尔、理事塔鲁洛、旧金山联储主席威廉姆斯。里奇蒙联储主席拉克尔在此次会议上投反对票，他倾向上调联邦基金利率目标区间25个基点。

　　Release Date: October 28, 2015

　　For immediate release

　　Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in September suggests that economic activity has been expanding at a moderate pace. Household spending and business fixed investment have been increasing at solid rates in recent months, and the housing sector has improved further; however, net exports have been soft. The pace of job gains slowed and the unemployment rate held steady. Nonetheless, labor market indicators, on balance, show that underutilization of labor resources has diminished since early this year. Inflation has continued to run below the Committee's longer-run objective, partly reflecting declines in energy prices and in prices of non-energy imports. Market-based measures of inflation compensation moved slightly lower; survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations have remained stable.

　　Consistent with its statutory mandate, the Committee seeks to foster maximum employment and price stability. The Committee expects that, with appropriate policy accommodation, economic activity will expand at a moderate pace, with labor market indicators continuing to move toward levels the Committee judges consistent with its dual mandate. The Committee continues to see the risks to the outlook for economic activity and the labor market as nearly balanced but is monitoring global economic and financial developments. Inflation is anticipated to remain near its recent low level in the near term but the Committee expects inflation to rise gradually toward 2 percent over the medium term as the labor market improves further and the transitory effects of declines in energy and import prices dissipate. The Committee continues to monitor inflation developments closely.

　　To support continued progress toward maximum employment and price stability, the Committee today reaffirmed its view that the current 0 to 1/4 percent target range for the federal funds rate remains appropriate. In determining whether it will be appropriate to raise the target range at its next meeting, the Committee will assess progress--both realized and expected--toward its objectives of maximum employment and 2 percent inflation. This assessment will take into account a wide range of information, including measures of labor market conditions, indicators of inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and readings on financial and international developments. The Committee anticipates that it will be appropriate to raise the target range for the federal funds rate when it has seen some further improvement in the labor market and is reasonably confident that inflation will move back to its 2 percent objective over the medium term.

　　The Committee is maintaining its existing policy of reinvesting principal payments from its holdings of agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities in agency mortgage-backed securities and of rolling over maturing Treasury securities at auction. This policy, by keeping the Committee's holdings of longer-term securities at sizable levels, should help maintain accommodative financial conditions.

　　When the Committee decides to begin to remove policy accommodation, it will take a balanced approach consistent with its longer-run goals of maximum employment and inflation of 2 percent. The Committee currently anticipates that, even after employment and inflation are near mandate-consistent levels, economic conditions may, for some time, warrant keeping the target federal funds rate below levels the Committee views as normal in the longer run.

　　Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Janet L. Yellen, Chair; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Lael Brainard; Charles L. Evans; Stanley Fischer; Dennis P. Lockhart; Jerome H. Powell; Daniel K. Tarullo; and John C. Williams. Voting against the action was Jeffrey M. Lacker, who preferred to raise the target range for the federal funds rate by 25 basis points at this meeting.